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Contact

• workRoom B12 School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Academic Building
  Sutton Bonington Campus
  Sutton Bonington
  Leicestershire
  LE12 5RD
  UK
• work0115 951 6580
• stephen.dunham@nottingham.ac.uk

Biography

Steve Dunham graduated in 1991 from the University of Bristol in Veterinary Science (BVSc). After a short time in general practice, he returned to Bristol Veterinary School as an intern in Small Animal Medicine and obtained his RCVS Certificate in Small Animal Cardiology in 1993. Research training in molecular biology as a Wellcome Trust Clinical Scholar at the University of Glasgow resulted in a number of publications characterising companion animal cytokines. Postdoctoral research initially concentrated on the development of lentiviral vaccines in the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) model. A number of experimental approaches were used in attempts to improve the efficacy of DNA vaccines for FIV including the use of cytokine adjuvants, codon optimisation and prime-boost vaccination with DNA and killed virus vaccines. Steve was appointed as Lecturer in Veterinary Virology at Glasgow University in June 2003 and successfully completed his PGCert in Postgraduate Education. Steve joined the School of Veterinary Medicine and Science as Associate Professor in Veterinary Virology in September 2008. His research interests centre largely around viruses and their interaction with hosts, with a particular focus on avian influenza viruses.

Expertise Summary

Steve is an Associate Professor in Veterinary Virology. He is actively involved in research and has responsibility for teaching virology and small group teaching sessions throughout the veterinary course. He has been actively involved in Student Support as Chair of the Student Progress Committee and Senior Tutor. Steve subsequently became Head of Division of Veterinary Surgery in 2014.

I have a broad range of interests in veterinary and fundamental virology. A key focus area is the study of influenza A in avian hosts. Using molecular and cellular approaches my research aims to understand the mechanisms of host resistance and disease development in avian species using ducks and chickens as representative hosts in a natural model for influenza A infection.

Recent Publications can be viewed on .

Teaching Summary

My key teaching roles are in virology both basic and clinical, small animal cardiology and communication skills.

Research Summary

Investigation of mechanisms of host resistance to influenza viruses. Among avian species, chickens and turkeys are susceptible to influenza and show higher morbidity and mortality than ducks… read more

Selected Publications

• KUCHIPUDI, S.V., DUNHAM, S.P., NELLI, R., WHITE, G.A., COWARD, V.J., SLOMKA, M.J., BROWN, I.H. and CHANG, K.C., 2012. Immunology & Cell Biology. 90(1), 116-123
• KUCHIPUDI, S.V., TELLABATI, M., NELLI, R.K., WHITE, G.A., BAQUERO-PEREZ, B., SEBASTIAN, S., SLOMKA, M.J., BROOKES, S.M., BROWN, I.H., DUNHAM, S.P. and CHANG, K.C., 2012. Virol.J. 9, 230 "Highly Accessed"
• NELLI, R.K., KUCHIPUDI, S.V., WHITE, G.A., PEREZ, B.B., DUNHAM, S.P. and CHANG, K.-C., 2010. BMC Veterinary Research. 6(1), 4
• KUCHIPUDI, S.V., NELLI, R., WHITE, G.A., BAIN, M., CHANG, K.C. and DUNHAM, S., 2009. Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine. 3(1), 143-151

• View all publications

Current Research

Investigation of mechanisms of host resistance to influenza viruses. Among avian species, chickens and turkeys are susceptible to influenza and show higher morbidity and mortality than ducks (especially those of the genus Anas). These contrasting outcomes following infection allow us to unravel differences in host innate responses using ducks and chickens as model species.

Key findings include:

1. More rapid cell death in cultured duck cells in comparison with chicken cells. Death appears to be due to apoptosis stimulated by intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. This correlates with a reduced production of infectious virus in cultured duck cells. The autophagic response of chicken and duck cells also appears to differ post-infection, though the relative importance of this remains to be determined.

2. Enhanced pro-inflammatory response in chicken cells compared with duck cells both in vitro and in vivo.

3. Marked variation in host innate immune response when cells are infected with different virus strains and subtypes. This emphasises the need for caution when interpreting the data from studies using single strains of virus (often host or cell culture adapted) in laboratory animals.

References available to view via or .

Past Research

Development of improved vaccines against feline immunodeficiency virus infection. Previous research (1998 - 2005) was directed towards the development of vaccines, in particular DNA vaccines, against feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Previously developed vaccines were limited in their ability to protect against challenge with relatively weakly pathogenic strains of the virus, consequently this work aimed to extend protection to more virulent isolates (more relevant to field isolates of FIV and as a realistic model of HIV). In the absence of sterilising immunity (i.e. complete protection) the quantification of viral loads in cats following challenge allows the efficacy of vaccination to be more accurately determined. I therefore developed sensitive methods for quantification of viral loads using real time PCR. New approaches to DNA vaccination utilised cytokine adjuvants, boosting with alternative immunogens and codon optimisation. These approaches led to some improvements in vaccine protection. However, they also underlined the difficulties in protecting against challenge with virulent strains of FIV.

Investigation of cytokine mRNA expression in companion animal disease.

An example of such studies includes previous research which described the potential importance of interleukin-1尾, interleukin-8 and tumour necrosis factor 伪 in horses with inflammatory airway disease. This is consistent with the postulated role of neutrophils in this disease syndrome.

Future Research

Canine Parvoviruses. Together with colleagues at SVMS, we are interested in investigating the current importance of canine parvovirus in dogs in the UK. Since its emergence in the 1970s the virus has continued to evolve, leading to changes in host tropism and worries regarding vaccine efficacy. While current vaccines appear to protect against currently circulating viruses, it is prudent to maintain active surveillance of what viruses are currently causing disease in UK dogs. The importance of vaccination against preventable disease in pets cannot be overestimated. However, there are often concerns that vaccination may lead to the development of immune mediated disease. consequent;y, we are interested to find out owners and vets attitudes to booster vaccination and the use of titre testing.

• AL-MUBARAK F, DALY J, CHRISTIE D, FOUNTAIN D and DUNHAM SP, 2015. Virus Research. 199, 9-19
• SURESH V KUCHIPUDI, STEPHEN P DUNHAM and KIN-CHOW CHANG, 2015. Genomics Data. 4, 60-64
• LAURA BENNETT, STEPHEN DUNHAM, LISA YON, SARAH CHAPMAN, MEGAN KENAGHAN, LAURA PURDIE and RACHAEL TARLINTON, 2015. Veterinary Record Open.
• KUCHIPUDI, SURESH V, DUNHAM, STEPHEN P and CHANG, KIN-CHOW, 2015. Genomics data. 4, 60-64
• BENNETT, LAURA, DUNHAM, STEPHEN, YON, LISA, CHAPMAN, SARAH, KENAGHAN, MEGAN, PURDIE, LAURA and TARLINTON, RACHAEL, 2015. Longitudinal study of Asian elephants, Elephas maximus, indicates intermittent shedding of elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus 1 during pregnancy Veterinary Record Open. 2(1), e000088
• MORETON J, DUNHAM SP and EMES RD, 2014. Frontiers in Genetics. 5, 190
• KUCHIPUDI SV, TELLABATI M, SEBASTIAN S, LONDT BZ, JANSEN C, VERVELDE L, BROOKES SM, BROWN IH, DUNHAM SP and CHANG K, 2014. Veterinary Research. 45, 118
• KUCHIPUDI, S.V., DUNHAM, S.P., NELLI, R., WHITE, G.A., COWARD, V.J., SLOMKA, M.J., BROWN, I.H. and CHANG, K.C., 2012. Immunology & Cell Biology. 90(1), 116-123
• TARLINTON, R., DALY, J., DUNHAM, S. and KYDD, J., 2012. Veterinary Journal. 194(1), 10-18
• NELLI, R.K., DUNHAM, S.P., KUCHIPUDI, S.V., WHITE, G.A., BAQUERO-PEREZ, B., CHANG, P., GHAEMMAGHAMI, A., BROOKES, S.M., BROWN, I.H. and CHANG, K.-C., 2012. Journal of Virology. 86(17), 9201-9210
• SURESH V. KUCHIPUDI, RAHUL K. NELLI, BELINDA BAQUERO PEREZ, MAREK J. SLOMKA, SHARON M. BROOKES, IAN H. BROWN, STEPHEN P. DUNHAM and KIN-CHOW CHANG, 2012. Gene expression profiling of avian influenza infected primary chicken and duck cells: potential role of JAK-STAT pathway in host innate resistance to H5N1 infection In: 8th International Symposium on Avian Influenza, Avian influenza in poultry and wild birds, Royal Holloway, University of London. 55-56
• KUCHIPUDI, S.V., TELLABATI, M., NELLI, R.K., WHITE, G.A., BAQUERO-PEREZ, B., SEBASTIAN, S., SLOMKA, M.J., BROOKES, S.M., BROWN, I.H., DUNHAM, S.P. and CHANG, K.C., 2012. Virol.J. 9, 230 "Highly Accessed"
• DONNA FOUNTAIN, MAREK J SLOMKA and STEPHEN P DUNHAM, 2012. Molecular pathogenesis of avian influenza virus in avian hosts In: 8th International Symposium on Avian Influenza, Avian influenza in poultry and wild birds, Royal Holloway, University of London.
• FIRAS AL MUBARAK, JANET DALY and STEPHEN P DUNHAM, 2012. Molecular differences between avian influenza viruses grown in chicken and duck cells, a comparative study In: Influenza 2012: One Influenza, One world. St. Hilda's College, Oxford, UK.
• TARLINTON, RACHAEL E and DUNHAM, STEPHEN P, 2011. Veterinary journal.
• HUGHES, K.J., NICOLSON, L., DA COSTA, N., FRANKLIN, S.H., ALLEN, K.J. and DUNHAM, S.P., 2011. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 140(1-2), 82-89
• R.K. NELLI, S.V. KUCHIPUDI, G.A. WHITE, S.P. DUNHAM, I.H. BROWN AND K.C. CHANG, 2011. Defective viral replication and lack of pro-inflammatory cytokine response contribute to innate host resistance in H5N1 influenza virus infected primary pig cells In: Advances in Animal Bioscience. 2. 225
• G.A. WHITE, S.P. DUNHAM, R.K. NELLI, I.H. BROWN, S.V. KUCHIPUDI AND K.C. CHANG, 2011. Comparative chemokine response to influenza infection between key primary human and pig cells In: Advances in Animal Bioscience. 2. 223
• G.A. WHITE, S.P. DUNHAM, S.M. BROOKES, A. GERMUNDSSON, F. GARCON, A. NUNEZ, K.C. CHANG AND I.H. BROWN., 2011. Pigs and the H1N1 pandemic: Innate immune responses in experimentally infected pigs In: Advances in Animal Bioscience. 2. 45
• NELLI, R.K, KUCHIPUDI, S.V, DUNHAM, S.P, GHAEMMAGHAMI, A, WHITE, G.A, BROWN, I.H. and CHANG, K.C., 2011. Impaired viral replication (antiviral) and reduced pro-inflammatory response contribute to innate host resistance in H5N1 influenza virus infected primary pig cells. In: Pathogenesis of Influenza: Virus-Host Interactions, Kowloon, Hong Kong. 58
• STAVROU, AS, JOLLY, LJ, PORTE, JP, WEINREB, PW, TATLER, AT, JOHN, AJ, KNOX, AK, VIOLET, SV, HUSSEL, TH, KUCHIPUDI, SK, DUNHAM, SD and JENKINS, GJ, 2011. In: Winter Meeting of the British-Thoracic-Society. A52-A52
• R.K.NELLI, S.V.KUCHIPUDI, G.A.WHITE, S.P.DUNHAM, I.H.BROWN and K.C.CHANG, 2011. Defective viral replication and lack of pro-inflammatory cytokine response contribute to innate host resistance in H5N1 influenza virus infected primary pig cells In: Food Security - Challenges and Opportunities for Animal Science. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science and the Association of Veterinary Teaching and Research Work. 225
• R.K.NELLI, S.V.KUCHIPUDI, S.P.DUNHAM, A. GHAEMMAGHAMI, G.A.WHITE, I.H.BROWN and K.C.CHANG, 2011. Impaired viral replication (antiviral) and reduced pro-inflammatory response contribute to innate host resistance in H5N1 influenza virus infected primary pig cells In: Pathogenesis of Influenza: Virus-Host Interactions. May 23-28 2011. Kowloon, Hong Kong. 58
• S.V.KUCHIPUDI, S.P.DUNHAM, R.K.NELLI, G.A.WHITE, V.COWARD, M.SLOMKA, I.H.BROWN and K.C.CHANG, 2011. British Poultry Abstracts. 7(1), 43-44
• NELLI, R.K., KUCHIPUDI, S.V., WHITE, G.A., PEREZ, B.B., DUNHAM, S.P. and CHANG, K.-C., 2010. BMC Veterinary Research. 6(1), 4
• STEPHEN P DUNHAM, 2010. Available at: <http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090023310002467>
• KUCHIPUDI, S.V., NELLI, R., WHITE, G.A., BAIN, M., CHANG, K.C. and DUNHAM, S., 2009. Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine. 3(1), 143-151
• S.V.KUCHIPUDI, R.K.NELLI, M.SLOMKA, V.COWARD, I.H.BROWN, S.P.DUNHAM and K.C.CHANG, 2009. Rapid death of duck cells as a possible mechanism of innate resistance to influenza infection In: BirdFlu2009: Avian Influenza and Human Health, Oxford, UK. 18-19
• DEAN, RACHEL, ADAMS, VICKI, DUNHAM, STEPHEN, MONTGOMERY, DOROTHY, MELLOR, DOMINIC, PHILBEY, ADRIAN, WHITBREAD, TREVOR, SCASE, TIM, MCCANDLISH, IRENE, PFEIFFER, DIRK and SMITH, KEN, 2008. Veterinary Record. 162(20), 664
• DUNHAM, STEPHEN P and GRAHAM, ELIZABETH, 2008. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice. 38(4), 879-901, ix
• NELLI, R.K., GRAHAM, E., DUNHAM, S.P. and TAYLOR, D.J., 2008. Veterinary Record. 163(14), 422-423
• S.V.KUCHIPUDI, R.K.NELLI, M.BAIN, K.C.CHANG and S.P.DUNHAM, 2008. Influenza virus receptor distribution and relative infection susceptibility in chickens and ducks In: Bangkok International Conference on Avian Influenza 2008: Integration from Knowledge to Control.
• R.K.NELLI, S.V.KUCHIPUDI, S.P.DUNHAM and K.C.CHANG, 2008. The pig as a mammalian model of resistance to H5N1 infections: Evaluation of host receptor distribution and innate resistance In: Birdflu2008: Avian Influenza and Human Health, Oxford, UK. 18
• S.V.KUCHIPUDI, R.K.NELLI, M.BAIN, K.C.CHANG and S.P.DUNHAM, 2008. The relationship of influenza virus receptor distribution and innate susceptibility in chickens and ducks In: Birdflu2008: Avian Influenza and Human Health, Oxford, UK. 19-20
• DUNHAM, STEPHEN P, 2006. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 112(1-2), 67-77
• DEAN, RACHEL, ADAMS, VICKI, WHITBREAD, TREVOR, SCASE, TIM, DUNHAM, STEPHEN, MELLOR, DOMINIC, PHILBEY, ADRIAN, MCCANDLISH, IRENE, PFEIFFER, DIRK and SMITH, KEN, 2006. Veterinary Record. 159(19), 641-2
• DUNHAM, S P, BRUCE, J, MACKAY, S, GOLDER, M, JARRETT, O and NEIL, J C, 2006. Veterinary Record. 158(16), 561-2
• DUNHAM, STEPHEN P, BRUCE, JENNIFER, KLEIN, DIETER, FLYNN, J NORMAN, GOLDER, MATTHEW C, MACDONALD, SUSAN, JARRETT, OSWALD and NEIL, JAMES C, 2006. Vaccine. 24(49-50), 7095-108
• DUNHAM, STEPHEN P and BRUCE, JENNIFER, 2004. Isolation, expression and bioactivity of feline granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Gene. 332, 97-106
• FLYNN, J NORMAN, DUNHAM, STEPHEN P, WATSON, VIVIEN and JARRETT, OSWALD, 2002. Journal of Virology. 76(5), 2306-15
• DUNHAM, STEPHEN P, 2002. Research in Veterinary Science. 73(1), 9-16
• FLYNN, J NORMAN, DUNHAM, STEPHEN, MUELLER, ALEX, CANNON, CELIA and JARRETT, OSWALD, 2002. Involvement of cytolytic and non-cytolytic T cells in the control of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology. 85(3-4), 159-70
• DUNHAM, STEPHEN P, FLYNN, J NORMAN, RIGBY, MARK A, MACDONALD, JULIE, BRUCE, JENNIFER, CANNON, CELIA, GOLDER, MATTHEW C, HANLON, LINDA, HARBOUR, DAVID A, MACKAY, NANCY A, SPIBEY, NORMAN and JARRETT, OSWALD, 2002. Protection against feline immunodeficiency virus using replication defective proviral DNA vaccines with feline interleukin-12 and -18. Vaccine. 20(11-12), 1483-96
• HANLON, L, ARGYLE, D, BAIN, D, NICOLSON, L, DUNHAM, S, GOLDER, M C, MCDONALD, M, MCGILLIVRAY, C, JARRETT, O, NEIL, J C and ONIONS, D E, 2001. Journal of Virology. 75(18), 8424-33
• DUNHAM, S P and ONIONS, D E, 2001. Cytokine. 14(6), 347-51
• DUNHAM, S P, 1999. Cytokines and anti-cytokine therapy: clinical potential for treatment of feline disease. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 1(1), 7-14
• DUNHAM, S P and ONIONS, D E, 1996. The cloning and sequencing of cDNAs encoding two isoforms of feline stem cell factor. DNA sequence : the journal of DNA sequencing and mapping. 6(4), 233-7
• DUNHAM, S P, ARGYLE, D J and ONIONS, D E, 1995. The isolation and sequence of canine interleukin-2. DNA sequence : the journal of DNA sequencing and mapping. 5(3), 177-80