糖心原创

School of Biosciences
 

Image of Tim Parr

Tim Parr

Professor in Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Science

Contact

  • workRoom B23 North Laboratory
    Sutton Bonington Campus
    Sutton Bonington
    Leicestershire
    LE12 5RD
    UK
  • work0115 951 6128
  • fax0115 951 6122

Research Summary

My research interests are predominantly in nutrition and animal production particularly the metabolic mechanism involved in nutrient deposition with focus on protein.

Insects as an alternative source of quality protein

Livestock provide food with high nutritional value but are frequently fed on human-edible crops and are associated with significant production of greenhouse gases. Recent years have seen increasing interest in the farming of insects and other alternatives as sustainable sources of human food and quality protein, or as a replacement of ingredients such as soya or fishmeal in the feeds of terrestrial livestock or fish.

Our research work is seeking investigate nutrient metabolism in insects used for food and feed. We are investigating the impact of different feed sources on nutrient deposition so that a wider range of feed sources (preferably by products and underutilised plants) can be used We are also investigating the dynamic nature of insect metabolism. Insects are at an earlier stage of use as food production animals, but we postulated that by identifying the capacity and potential limits of altering insect body composition we can enhance their production efficiency and product quality.

This work is part of a wider research interests which are looking at the development of alternative sources of protein for food and feed. As well as insects our lab is involved investigating the use of alternative crops and single cell sources of protein such as bacteria. In addition, in collaboration with industry collaborators, our work is currently examining the digestibility of these alternative protein sources using an in vitro model of digestibility effects but also examining the factors in feeds that affect gut digestibility on nutrient availability.

Skeletal Muscle Protein Turnover and Growth

Our research is being carried out into the mechanisms controlling muscle growth particularly protein deposition. Our work has used exogenous endocrine-related factors, such as beta -adrenergic agonists, growth hormone and Vitamin D, to examine their impact on muscle gene transcription. We have identified that stimulated increases in muscle mass are associated with changes in muscle energy metabolism and fibre type changes along with the synthesis of non-essential amino acids, particularly serine. We are currently investigating the relationships between energy metabolism and muscle growth.

Our lab also has investigated role of proteolytic enzymes in muscle. focus from the calpain family which are believed to be involved in the initiation of muscle protein turnover. We have been involved in research trying to determine the interrelationship between these enzymes and muscle protein turnover. The calpain proteolytic system consists of calpain enzyme isoforms and a specific endogenous inhibitor calpastatin. Variation in the ratio of enzyme to inhibitor has been correlated to differences in meat quality. We have carried out research investigating the role the calpain proteolytic system along with other potential "initiating" proteolytic enzyme systems in the process of meat.

Selected Publications

  • HILL, V., LOPEZ-VISO, C., BRAMELD, J., SALTER, A. and PARR, T., 2024. JOURNAL OF INSECTS AS FOOD AND FEED. 10(9), 1633-1644
  • LOPEZ-VISO, C., CASTELLANOS-URIBE, M., MAY, T., BRAMELD, J., SALTER, A. and PARR, T., 2024. JOURNAL OF INSECTS AS FOOD AND FEED. 10(4), 601-610
  • HAWKEY, KERENSA J., LOPEZ-VISO, CARLOS, BRAMELD, JOHN M., PARR, TIM and SALTER, ANDREW M., 2021. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANIMAL BIOSCIENCES, VOL 9, 2021. 9, 333-354
  • ALLIBAND, KATHRYN H., PARR, TIM, JETHWA, PREETI H. and BRAMELD, JOHN M., 2024. FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY. 14,
  • GONZALEZ-CARRANZA, ZINNIA H., BONE, GABRIELLE, CASTRO-CASTRO, ARTURO, GONZALEZ-ELIZONDO, M. SOCORRO, SOTO-LUZANIA, XOCHITL, LOPEZ-FRANCO, YOLANDA L., KOECH, OSCAR, PARR, TIM, KILAWE, CHARLES J., VELAZQUEZ-QUINONES, SAHIAN E., GONZALEZ-LAREDO, RUBEN F. and RIOS-SAUCEDOI, JULIO C., 2024. FUTURE FOODS. 10,
  • HILL, V., LOPEZ-VISO, C., BRAMELD, J., SALTER, A. and PARR, T., 2024. JOURNAL OF INSECTS AS FOOD AND FEED. 10(9), 1633-1644
  • LOPEZ-VISO, C., CASTELLANOS-URIBE, M., MAY, T., BRAMELD, J., SALTER, A. and PARR, T., 2024. JOURNAL OF INSECTS AS FOOD AND FEED. 10(4), 601-610
  • ALLIBAND, KATHRYN H., PARR, TIM, JETHWA, PREETI H. and BRAMELD, JOHN M., 2024. FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY. 14,
  • TEE, ANN JO, LIM, YIN SZE, BRAMELD, JOHN M., MASSAWE, FESTO, PARR, TIM and SALTER, ANDREW M., 2023. FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY. 37(2), 106-135
  • DALE, TOM, BEDFORD, MICHAEL R., KING, JULIE, TUCKER, GREGORY A., BRAMELD, JOHN M. and PARR, TIM, 2023. ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 295,
  • HAWKEY, KERENSA J., LOPEZ-VISO, CARLOS, BRAMELD, JOHN M., PARR, TIM and SALTER, ANDREW M., 2021. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANIMAL BIOSCIENCES, VOL 9, 2021. 9, 333-354
  • BREARLEY MC, LI CC, DANIEL ZCTR, LOUGHNA PT, PARR T and BRAMELD JM, 2019. Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports. 20, 100694
  • BROWN, DAVID, RYAN, KEVIN, DANIEL, ZOE, MAREKO, MOLEBELEDI, TALBOT, RICHARD, MORETON, JOANNA, GILES, TOM C. B., EMES, RICHARD, HODGMAN, CHARLIE, PARR, TIM and BRAMELD, JOHN M., 2019. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. 9,
  • LOCZENSKI-BROWN, DAVID M., JONES, SARAH, LUCKETT, JENI, DANIEL, ZOE, BREARLEY, MADELAINE C., EBLING, FRANCIS J. P., PARR, TIM and BRAMELD, JOHN M., 2019. PLOS ONE. 14(6),
  • SLINGER, K. R., STEWART, A. H., DANIEL, Z. C. T. R., HALL, H., O'NEILL, H. V. MASEY, BEDFORD, M. R., PARR, T. and BRAMELD, J. M., 2019. The association between faecal host DNA or faecal calprotectin and feed efficiency in pigs fed yeast-enriched protein concentrate ANIMAL. 13(11), 2483-2491
  • MACFADYEN, MHAIRI A., DANIEL, ZOE, KELLY, SARA, PARR, TIM, BRAMELD, JOHN M., MURTON, ANDREW J. and JONES, SIMON W., 2019. BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS. 20,
  • DALE, TOM N., PARR, TIM, KING, JULIE and BRAMELD, JOHN, 2019. Effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on the release of xylo-oligosaccharides from six varieties of wheat in-vitro JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE. 97, 360-361
  • BROWN, DAVID M., JONES, SARAH, DANIEL, ZOE C. T. R., BREARLEY, MADELAINE C., LEWIS, JO E., EBLING, FRANCIS J. P., PARR, TIM and BRAMELD, JOHN M., 2018. PLOS ONE. 13(7),
  • BROWN, DM, WILLIAMS, H, RYAN, KJP, WILSON, TL, DANIEL, ZCTR, MAREKO, MHD, EMES, RD, HARRIS, DW, JONES, S, WATTIS, JAD, DRYDEN, IL, HODGMAN, TC, BRAMELD, JM & PARR, T, 2016. Scientific Reports. 6, 28693
  • PARR T, MAREKO MH, RYAN KJ, HEMMINGS KM, BROWN DM and BRAMELD JM, 2016. Meat science. 120, 93-9
  • BRAMELD JM and PARR T, 2016. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 75(3), 242-6
  • HEMMINGS KM, DANIEL ZCTR, BUTTERY PJ, PARR T and BRAMELD JM, 2015. Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience. 9(2), 285-94
  • HEMMINGS, K. M., DANIEL, Z. C. T. R., BUTTERY, P. J., PARR, T. and BRAMELD, J. M., 2015. ANIMAL. 9(2), 285-294
  • PARR, T., RYAN, K., WILLIAMS, H., HARRIS, D., BROWN, D., MAREKO, M., EMES, R., GILES, T., WATTIS, J., DRYDEN, I., LU, C., HODGMAN, C. and BRAMELD, J., 2015. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY. 74(OCE5), E278-E278
  • MAY, K., O'SULLIVAN, S. E., BRAMELD, J. M., O'NEILL, H. V. MASEY, PARR, T. and WISEMAN, J., 2015. Xylanase supplementation in feed reduces incretin and PYY levels in piglets PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY. 74(OCE5), E294-E294
  • AL-HARBI, L., BRAMELD, J. M. and PARR, T., 2015. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY. 74(OCE5), E293-E293
  • PARR, T., AL-DOSKI, S., HEMMINGS, K., DANIEL, Z., BROWN, D., LU, C., HODGMAN, C., MAY, S. and BRAMELD, J., 2015. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY. 74(OCE2), E183-E183
  • JING, LU, HOU, YE, WU, HUI, MIAO, YUANXIN, LI, XINYUN, CAO, JIANHUA, BRAMELD, JOHN MICHAEL, PARR, TIM and ZHAO, SHUHONG, 2015. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. 5, 11953
  • BROWN DM, BRAMELD JM and PARR T, 2014. PloS one. 9(12), e114365
  • TONGE DP, BARDSLEY RG, PARR T, MACIEWICZ RA and JONES SW, 2014. Longevity & healthspan. 2(1), 15
  • RYAN, KJP, DANIEL, ZCTR, CRAGGS, LJL, PARR, T AND BRAMELD, JM, 2013. Journal of Endocrinology. 217(1), 45-58
  • BROWN DM, PARR T and BRAMELD JM, 2012. Journal Of Muscle Research And Cell Motility. 32(6), 383-390
  • STORR, S.J., LEE, K.W., WOOLSTON, C.M., SAFUAN, S., GREEN, A.R., MACMILLAN, R.D., BENHASOUNA, A., PARR, T., ELLIS, I.O. and MARTIN, S.G., 2012. Annals of Oncology: Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology. 23(9), 2289-2296
  • KEMP, C. and PARR, T., 2012. MEAT SCIENCE. 93(3), 252-259
  • STORR, SARAH J, CARRAGHER, NEIL O, FRAME, MARGARET C, PARR, TIM and MARTIN, STEWART G, 2011. Nature reviews. Cancer. 11(5), 364-74
  • GRAHAM, N.S., MAY, S.T., DANIEL, Z.C.T.R., EMMERSON, Z.F., BRAMELD, J.M. and PARR, T., 2011. Animal. 5(6), 861-866
  • CHAOSAP, C., PARR, T. and WISEMAN, J., 2011. Journal of Animal Science. 89(7), 2231-2242
  • STORR, S. J., MOHAMMED, R.A.A., WOOLSTON, C.M., GREEN, A.R., PARR, T., SPITERI, I., CALDAS, C., BALL, G.R., ELLIS, I.O. and MARTIN, S.G., 2011. The Breast. 20(5), 413-418
  • STEPHENS, F.B., NORTON, L., JEWELL, K., CHOKKALINGAM, K., PARR, T. and TSINTZAS, K., 2010. Experimental Physiology. 95(7), 808-818
  • ZULKIFLI, R.M., PARR, T., SALTER, A.M. and BRAMELD, J.M., 2010. Journal of Animal Science. 88(8), 2565-75
  • CHAOSAP, C.,, PARR, T. and WISEMAN, J., 2010. Animal. 5, 749-756
  • TONGE, D.P., JONES, S.W., BARDSLEY, R.G. and PARR, T., 2010. BMC Molecular Biology. 11, 52
  • KEMP CM, SENSKY PL, BARDSLEY RG, BUTTERY PJ and PARR T, 2010. Meat Science. 84(2), 248-56
  • TONGE DP, JONES SW, PARR T, BARDSLEY R, DOHERTY M and MACIEWICZ RA, 2010. Osteoarthritis And Cartilage / Oars, Osteoarthritis Research Society. 18(4), 555-62
  • HEMMINGS, K.M., PARR, T., DANIEL, Z.C.T.R., PICARD, B., BUTTERY, P.J. and BRAMELD, J.M., 2009. Journal of Animal Science. 87(12), 3915-3922
  • Z脫R K, ORTIZ R, SAATCI E, BARDSLEY R, PARR T, CS脰REGI E and NISTOR M, 2009. Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands). 76(1-2), 93-9
  • NORTON, L., PARR, T., CHOKKALINGAM, K., BARDSLEY, R.G., YE, H., BELL, G.I., PELSERS, M.M.A.L., VAN LOON, L.J.C. and TSINTZAS, K., 2008. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 93(3), 992-998
  • SINGH, N, SHRIVASTAV, A, OLSON, D, LAKSHMIKUTTYAMMA, A, ROSS, A, PARR, T and BARDSLEY R. G. & SHARMA R. K., 2008. Biochemical Biophysical Research Communications. 373, 387-391
  • KEMP, C.M and & PARR, T, 2008. Animal. 2, 1254鈥�1264
  • FENG, S., SALTER, A.M., PARR, T. and GARNSWORTHY, P.C., 2007. Journal of Dairy Science. 90(9), 4128-4136
  • NORTON, L., PARR, T., BARDSLEY, R. G., YE, H. and TSINTZAS, K., 2007. Characterization of GLUT4 and calpain expression in healthy human skeletal muscle during fasting and refeeding. Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England). 189(3), 233-40
  • DE TULLIO, R., AVERNA, M., STIFANESE, R., PARR, T., BARDSLEY, R.G., PONTREMOLI, S. and MELLONI, E., 2007. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 465(1), 148-56
  • KEMP, C.M, SENSKY, P. L, GIBSON S.J, BARDSLEY, R. G and BUTTERY, P.J. & PARR, T., 2007. Fundamental aspects of pig meat science-tenderisation. Paradigms in Pig Science: Proceedings of the 62th 糖心原创 Easter School in Agricultural Science. 395-416
  • KEMP, C.M., PARR, T., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 2006. Meat Science. 73(3), 426-431
  • KEMP, C.M., BARDSLEY, R.G. and PARR, T., 2006. Journal of Animal Science. 84(10), 2841-6
  • BRAMELD, J., DANIEL, Z., FAHEY, A., PARR, T., SCOLLAN, N. and BUTTERY, P., 2006. Effect of maternal undernutrition on ruminant carcass and meat quality Archiv F眉r Tierzucht. 49(SPI), 25
  • SENSKY, P.L., JEWELL, K.K., RYAN, K.J.P, PARR, T., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 2006. Journal of Animal Science. 84(11), 2973-82
  • MINOBE, ETSUKO, HAO, LI-YING, SAUD, ZAHANGIR A, XU, JIAN-JUN, KAMEYAMA, ASAKO, MAKI, MASATOSHI, JEWELL, KIRSTY K, PARR, TIM, BARDSLEY, RONALD G and KAMEYAMA, MASAKI, 2006. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 348(1), 288-94
  • FAHEY, A.J., BRAMELD, J.M., PARR, T. and BUTTERY, P.J., 2005. Journal of Animal Science. 83(10), 2330-2338
  • FAHEY, A.J., BRAMELD, J.M., PARR, T. and BUTTERY, P.J., 2005. Journal of Animal Science. 83(11), 2564-2571
  • SAZILI, A.Q., PARR, T., SENSKY, P.L., JONES, S.W., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 2005. Meat Science. 69(1), 17-25
  • RAYNAUD,P., GILLARD,M., PARR,T., BARDSLEY,R.G., AMARGER,V. and LEVEZIEL H., 2005. Correlation between bovine calpastatin mRNA transcripts and protein isoforms Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 440(1), 46-53
  • PARR, T., JEWELL, K.K., SENSKY, P.L., BRAMELD, J.M., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 2004. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 427(1), 8-15
  • SAZILI, A.Q., LEE, G.K., PARR, T., SENSKY, P.L., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 2004. Meat Science. 66(1), 195-201
  • SENSKY, P.L., BARDSLEY, R.G., BRAMELD, J.M., DANIEL, Z.C., FAHEY, A., JEWELL, K.K., LEE, G.K., PARR, T., SALTER, A.M., SAZILI, A.Q., BUTTERY, P.J., WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and KEMP, B., 2003. The biochemical basis for aspects of meat quality. In: WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and B. KEMP, eds., Perspectives in pig science Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. 133
  • SENSKY, P.L., BARDSLEY, R.G., BRAMELD, J.M., DANIEL, Z.C., FAHEY, A., JEWELL, K.K., LEE, G.K., PARR, T., SALTER, A.M., SAZILI, A.Q., BUTTERY, P.J., WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and KEMP, B., 2003. The biochemical basis for aspects of meat quality. In: WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and B. KEMP, eds., Perspectives in pig science Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. 133
  • FAHEY, A.J., BRAMELD, J.M., PARR, T. and BUTTERY, P.J., 2003. The effect of reducing protein and energy intake of pregnant ewes on the subsequent muscle development of the offspring. In: SOUFFRANT, W.B. and METGES, C.C., eds., Progress in research on energy and protein metabolism Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers. 151-154
  • SENSKY, P.L., BARDSLEY, R.G., BRAMELD, J.M., DANIEL, Z.C., FAHEY, A., JEWELL, K.K., LEE, G.K., PARR, T., SALTER, A.M., SAZILI, A.Q., BUTTERY, P.J., WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and KEMP, B., 2003. The biochemical basis for aspects of meat quality. In: WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and B. KEMP, eds., Perspectives in pig science Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. 133
  • FAHEY, A.J., BRAMELD, J.M., PARR, T. and BUTTERY, P.J., 2003. The effect of reducing protein and energy intake of pregnant ewes on the subsequent muscle development of the offspring. In: SOUFFRANT, W.B. and METGES, C.C., eds., Progress in research on energy and protein metabolism Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers. 151-154
  • SENSKY, P.L., BARDSLEY, R.G., BRAMELD, J.M., DANIEL, Z.C., FAHEY, A., JEWELL, K.K., LEE, G.K., PARR, T., SALTER, A.M., SAZILI, A.Q., BUTTERY, P.J., WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and KEMP, B., 2003. The biochemical basis for aspects of meat quality. In: WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and B. KEMP, eds., Perspectives in pig science Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. 133
  • SENSKY, P.L., BARDSLEY, R.G., BRAMELD, J.M., DANIEL, Z.C., FAHEY, A., JEWELL, K.K., LEE, G.K., PARR, T., SALTER, A.M., SAZILI, A.Q., BUTTERY, P.J., WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and KEMP, B., 2003. The biochemical basis for aspects of meat quality. In: WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and B. KEMP, eds., Perspectives in pig science Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. 133
  • PARR, T., SENSKY, P.L., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 2001. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 395(1), 1-13
  • PARR, T., SENSKY, P. I., ARNOLD, M. K., BARDSLEY, R. G. and BUTTERY, P. J., 2000. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. VOL 374(PART 2), 299-305
  • SENSKY, P.L., PARR, T., SCOTHERN, G.P., BARDSLEY, R.G., BUTTERY, P.J. and WARKUP, C., 1999. The effect of breed on calpastatin isoforms and longissimus shear force in pigmeat In: Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1999. 194
  • PARR, T., SENSKY, P.L., WARKUP, C., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 1999. Changes in porcine skeletal muscle calpastatin expression induced by a single dose of beta(2) agonist Journal of Animal Science. 77(Supplement 1), 164-165
  • SENSKY, P.L., PARR, T., SCOTHERN, G.P., BARDSLEY, R.G., BUTTERY, P.J., WOOD, J.D. and WARKUP, C.C., 1999. Differences in meat quality and the calpain enzyme system in pigs supplied by 4 different commercial production units In: Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1999. 193
  • PARR, T., SENSKY, P.L., SCOTHERN, G., BARDSLEY, R.G., BUTTERY, P.J., WOOD, J.D. and WARKUP, C., 1999. Immunochemical study of the calpain system in porcine longissimus muscle with high and low shear force values Journal of Animal Science. 77(Supplement 1), 164
  • SENSKY, P.L., PARR, T., LOCKLEY, A.K., BARDSLEY, R.G., BUTTERY, P.J., WOOD, J.D. and WARKUP, C., 1999. Altered calpain levels in longissimus muscle from normal pigs and heterozygotes with the ryanodine receptor mutation Journal of Animal Science. 77(11), 2956-2964
  • SCOTHERN, G.P., BUTTERY, P.J., WARKUP, C., BARDSLEY, R.G., WOOD, J.D., PARR, T. and SENSKY, P.L., 1999. Relationship between skeletal muscle-specific calpain and tenderness of conditioned porcine longissimus muscle Journal of Animal Science. 77, 661-668
  • JONES, S.W., PARR, T., SENSKY, P.L., SCOTHERN, G.P., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 1999. Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility. 20(4), 417-424
  • BRAMELD, J.M., SENSKY, P.L., BUDD, T., HARPER, J.M., PARR, T., WARD, R., WRIGHT, M., BARDSLEY, R.G., DAWSON, J., SALTER, A.M. and BUTTERY, P.J., 1998. Protein and fat metabolism in muscle and adipose tissue: its influence on meat quality. In: WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and CHADWICK, J.P., eds., Progress in pig science Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. 443-460
  • BRAMELD, J.M., SENSKY, P.L., BUDD, T., HARPER, J.M., PARR, T., WARD, R., WRIGHT, M., BARDSLEY, R.G., DAWSON, J., SALTER, A.M. and BUTTERY, P.J., 1998. Protein and fat metabolism in muscle and adipose tissue: its influence on meat quality. In: WISEMAN, J., VARLEY, M.A. and CHADWICK, J.P., eds., Progress in pig science Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. 443-460
  • SENSKY, P.L., PARR, T., SCOTHERN, G., PERRY, A., BARDSLEY, R.G., BUTTERY, P.J., WOOD, J.D. and WARKUP, C.C., 1998. Differences in the calpain enzyme system in tough or tender samples of porcine longissimus dorsi In: Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1998. 16
  • JONES, S.W., PARR, T., SENSKY, P., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 1998. Biochemical Society Transactions. 26, S267
  • SENSKY, P.L., PARR, T., LOCKLEY, A.K., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 1997. Effect of the halothane mutation on the calpain-calpastatin system in porcine longissimus muscle Journal of Animal Science. 75,
  • PARR, T., SENSKY, P.L., BUNDICK, Y., BARDSLEY, R.G. and BUTTERY, P.J., 1996. Membrane binding isoforms of calpain inhibitor in heart and skeletal muscle Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility. 17, 145-146
  • HEISKA, L., KANTOR, C., CRITCHLEY, D.R. and PARR, T., 1996. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271, 26214-26219
  • ARNOLD, M.K., PARR, T., SENSKY, P.L. and BARDSLEY, R.G., 1995. Differential calpastatin expression in cardiac and skeletal muscle Biochemical Society Transactions. 23(3), 454S
  • BARDSLEY, R.G., ALLCOCK, S.M., DAWSON, J.M., DUMELOW, N.W., HIGGINS, J.A., LASSLETT, Y.V., LOCKLEY, A.K., PARR, T. and BUTTERY, P.J., 1992. Biochimie. 74, 267-273
  • PARR, T., BARDSLEY, R.G., GILMOUR, R.S. and BUTTERY, P.J., 1992. European Journal of Biochemistry. 208, 333-339
  • PARR, T., BARDSLEY, R.G., GILMOUR, R.S. and BUTTERY, P.J., 1991. Changes in calpain proteinase mRNA associated with muscle growth stimulated via a-Adrenergic receptors Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility. 12, 82
  • STORR, S. J., LEE, K. W., WOOLSTON, C. M., SAFUAN, S., GREEN, A. R., MACMILLAN, R. D., BENHASOUNA, A., PARR, T., ELLIS, I. O. and MARTIN, S. G., ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY. 23(9), 2289-2296

School of Biosciences

糖心原创
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LE12 5RD, UK

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