ࡱ> hjg  ZbjbjcTcT 4`>>3 8/<k45&5(5(5(5(5(5(57:v(5(55 1 1 1 &5 1&5 1 1D33-\35505d3,;40;33J;38 1(5(5 15; : Wives, Widows and Wimples Theme 11: The religious life Document 1 WLC/LM/38: Fragment of the Life of St Bridget (Brigid), from the South English Legendary, lines 5-25 and 39-59 (composed late 13th century, English) Transcription by Gavin Cole. Translation by Pamela Doohan and Thorlac Turville-Petre First side brigid A seruant he hadde inis hous . brocsech was hur name is duptac by sote hure . of lechorie and ssame O n hure he byat a child . in spous bruche and wi wou o is owe wif hit vnder et . sory he was ynou M est heo dradde hure of at child . at hit ssolde so wel ye T o sormonte hure owe children . hor maister vorto be er uore heo cride on hure louerd . to boe ywar by uore A nd sulle out of londe e seruant ar at child were ybore e hosebonde nolde hit grante not . vor he hadde lo it do is wif cride nit and day . yf heo myte hit bringe erto S o at hit fel er afterward . at is hosebonde W y his seruante alone wende . in acart ouerlonde A chantor was ulke stude . as were by olde dawe A s our louerd hit wolde by is hous . e cart gan euene drawe H e sat and hurde hou is cart . by ys gate wende A non he clupede on of his men . and hasteliche out sende L oke he sede hasteliche . wat ing is at ich yhure V or e son of ulke woeles . is vnder agod creature e nobloste creature . is wi Inne ulke tre at is noue in eny londe . loke wat hit bee o ne fon[de] . hy in is cart . namo bote home to Second side bride V or is womman ssal a doter bere . at ssyne ssal so clere A mong alle at on ere be . in as cler manere A s among alle oer sterren . e sonne britore is A l so ssal heo anere ssyne . among oer men ywis I n agod tyme o wor y bore . and wonderlich also V or noer wiinne hous no wioute . e dede wor ydo D uptac was o douterles uor he nadde neuer er none I oyuol he was and glad ynou . uor he bihet hure one S ue hit by uel er after ward . at on oer enchanteor wend A nd of Duptac bote is seruante as oure louerd grace sende V or e wyf nolde neuere fine . ar it were erto ybro?t A c e child at was in hire wombe . Duptac ne solde not V or he ladde is womman . [at he had]de dere ybot A nd weddede hure as his owe wif . and volwede is ot S o at aquene of e londe . gret myd childe was A nd was upe e point to habbe child . wenne our louerd ef at ca[s] O f e chanteor helet of este . wanne go[d] tyme were  yf hit were ybore e oer sede . as my boc me de lere I ne morwenynge to morwe . wanne me may e sonne yse er ne ssolde in al e worlde . e childes er beo o bad e quene vaste . at it moste [beo o] yboreFirst side St Bridget Duptak had a servant-girl in his house, called Brosech, whom he desired lecherously and shamefully. He begot on her a child adulterously and sinfully. When his wife found out, she was very sorrowful. But she was most afraid of that child, in case it should thrive so well as to surpass her own children, and become their master. Therefore she begged her lord, Duptak, to take steps in advance and sell the servant out of the country, before the child was born. The husband [Duptak] refused to grant this, because he was reluctant to do it. His wife implored him day and night, in the hope that she might bring this about. So it happened later that the husband travelled alone with this servant, in a cart across country, to where there was a sorcerer, as in olden times. As our Lord would have it, the cart went past his house. He sat and listened as the cart passed his gate. He called one of his men and quickly sent him out. Go and find out, he said quickly, what is it that I can hear. For the sound of those wheels is beneath a good creature; the noblest person anywhere in the land is inside the wood. [i.e. he divines that the unborn child is inside the cart.] Find out what it is. When he found in the cart no more but two [people] ... [the story continues: the servant told the sorcerer he had lied to him, but the sorcerer was able to see that Brosech was pregnant, and therefore that there were indeed three travellers] Second side St Bridget [The sorcerer makes a prophecy to Duptak:] `For this woman shall bear a daughter, who will shine so brightly among all on earth in as glorious manner as the sun is brighter than all the other stars; so will she shine on earth among other people. In good time she will be born, and in a wonderful way too, for it will take place neither indoors nor outside. [later on in the story, Bridget is born in the doorway.] Duptak was then daughterless, for he had never had any daughters, and he was very happy and joyful because now he had gained one. Later, it happened that another sorcerer came and bought the servant-girl from Duptak, as God sent grace, because his wife would not give up until this was brought about. But the unborn child in her womb Duptak did not sell. He [the sorcerer] took this woman, for whom he had paid a high price, and married her as his own wife, and followed out [probably an error for fulfilled] his intention. A queen of the country was heavily pregnant and close to starting labour when our Lord decreed it. Duptak enquired of the magician when would be a good time. The other replied, As my book tells me, if it should be born tomorrow morning when the sun is visible, there will not be this childs equal in the whole world. Then the queen prayed hard that it would be born then. Document 2 East Midlands Collection Periodicals,Lin: Injunctions relating to Markyate Priory (1442, English) from Visitations of Religious Houses Vol III, A.D. 1436-1449 , ed. A. Hamilton Thompson (Lincoln Record Society Volume 21; Lincoln, 1929), pp 230-231 Translation by Pamela Doohan and Kathryn Summerwill [No transcription see image of printed document on the Wives, Widows and Wimples website] By the grace of God, William, Bishop of Lincoln, to Our well beloved daughters in God the Prioress and convent of the Priory of Holy Trinity in the Wood, near Markyate, of the Order of Saint Benedict, of our diocese - health, grace and blessing. Following our visit to you and your said priory, We found by our preparatory inquisition that it is guilty of certain notable offences requiring due reformation. Therefore, for correction and reformation We send you these our injunctions, ordinances and commandments for you and your successors, and each one of your nuns, to be kept under penalty here beneath written. Firstly, We find by our inquisition that every nun takes in each year, for all their sustenance and clothing, only food and ale and two marks [13s 4d] of money; also, because they are so industrious about providing and preparing their food and provisions, very often they are absent from the choir during divine service. And frequently when they are present, their thoughts are on preparing their food instead of upon the service and worship of God and on keeping a religious house. And therefore they hold many households, by which means, as we fear, comes many evils and causes of weakening of the body [of the convent]. Therefore We command, enjoin and ordain by your full assent that from henceforth you all eat together in one house, either in the refectory, infirmary or the Prioresss hall or chamber, so that no secular persons sit amongst the nuns during dinner or supper, and that during mealtimes you have scripture or saints lives read aloud to you, during which reading you will give your attention and cease all idle talk. And that you, Prioress, and your successors, shall minister to [manage] your nuns food and ale and other provisions necessary to your sustenance from the common goods of the house, out of one cellar and one kitchen, and that you pay every nun for their clothing allowance one noble [a gold coin worth 6s 8d] each year at the usual terms.1 Also, We enjoin you, Prioress, under penalty of contempt, that every year you change your chaplain, and when you have to go out of the place [the convent] you take with you in your company a nun who is well-learned in religion, so that you have a witness of your good conversation. Also, We enjoin you, Prioress, under the same penalty of contempt and cursing, that when your nuns visit their friends you do not permit them to be absent from Markyate for more than [number missing from text, but probably three] days at the most, a reasonable time to go there and come back, and that they have with them a nun of holy orders and of respectable company. Also, We enjoin you, Prioress, under the same penalty, that you do not allow your nuns to have any conversation with secular persons unless a nun of holy orders is present to hear and see what they say or do, and that you do not allow any of your nuns to receive or send letters, tokens or gifts unless you first see what is contained in the letters, and what those tokens and gifts are. Also that you see to it diligently that none of your nuns who have before now fallen [into bad behaviour] by weakness have any opportunity or freedom to fall again. Also that you compel your secular servants to speak honestly, not harshly or rebukingly, to your nuns, and that you have a respectable laundry woman to wash your nuns clothes, at the expense of the house. Also We charge and enjoin you, Prioress, under the same penalty, that as soon as you can and with all possible haste, take your nuns who are novices and of lawful age and who have stayed in religion over one year, to be professed to the religious order by a bishop with our authority. And until such time as they take the vow of the religious order, you employ them at any work within or without your priory. Also We enjoin you, Prioress, under the same penalty, that each night you have adequate light in the dormitory to help your nuns in rising for Matins. Also We charge you, Prioress, etc., as per the tenth injunction against Ankerwyk. [a standard injunction against grants of corrodies and felling timber] Also we enjoin you, Prioress, etc., as per the thirteenth injunction against the same place. [a standard injunction for providing twice-yearly accounts] Also We enjoin you, Prioress and convent, under penalty of suspension from saying the divine service, and also under the penalty of exclusion from the ministrations of the Church, that from now on, especially on Sundays or other festival days, you do not receive or admit or allow any parishioners of [other] towns in the vicinity to hear any divine service in your church, because of injury, harm and peril of souls that may occur. Furthermore, we admonish you, etc., as in the injunctions given against Legbourne, etc. Given under Our seal, etc. Possibly the quarter-days normally used for collecting rent: Christmas, Lady Day, Martinmas and Michaelmas. Document 3 Me 3 D 2: Grant by Aubrey [de Vere, 1st] Earl of Oxford (c.1175, Latin) Transcription and translation by Kathryn Summerwill Albericus Comes Oxenelis Omnibus hominibus suis presentibus et futuris tam francis quam Anglicis $ Salutem Nouerit uniuersitas uestra me dedisse et concessisse et hac mea karta confirmasse deo et sancte Marie et sancto Johanni ewangeliste et monachis meis de Colun in puram et perpetuam elemosinam tres solidatas terre in stoches de mariagio comitisse quas Godingus tenuit pro salute mea et comitisse mee agnetis et omnium parentum meorum et liberorum meorum ad duos cereos parandos et cotidie ardendos super altare ubi celebratur missa de sancta Maria. Et uero mea donatio et concessio firma habeatur kartam hanc cum testium annotationem et sigilli nostri appositione robaramus. Hiis testibus Alberico filio meo et Roberto fratre eius Nicholao Capellano meo et Wilielmo clerico de Colun et Michaele clerico et Roberto filio Baldewini . et Roberto de Campos et Rogero filio Roberto et Wilielmo fi lio fulconis et78C. / 0 ; B  ` b P T ( , H L ( , 8 : ȾtttddddddtdhEh'5\aJnHtH$hEh'OJQJ^JaJnHtHhEh'aJnHtHh'h'aJnHtHhEh'>*aJh h aJh h{T5aJh h 5aJ h %5aJ h8V0J h0J hI 0J h{T0Jh"h"5CJ h 5aJ h 5CJ'78C/ 0 ; B   dd$If[$\$gdEl $Ifgd'l gd"$a$gd   46ab>Btv.2`dpr.2\`RTƹh'h'aJnHtHhEh'>*aJhEh'5\aJnHtHhEh'aJnHtH$hEh'OJQJ^JaJnHtHI*,\`$%$$$$$$$a%%%&&'&(&)&ƽƽƽƪ|ukbhEh\8aJh"h 5aJ h"5aJ h 5aJhj-z0J5\ hj-z0J h"5CJh"h"5CJ h#5CJhBChOs1aJhEh'6aJhEh'aJhEh'>*aJ$hEh'OJQJ^JaJnHtHhEh'aJnHtHhEh'5\aJnHtH%$$$gdBCTkd$$Ifl0#   t644 laytE$IfgdI` l $Ifgd'l $$$%'&(&&&((Q.R.l/m/00g2h2 3333v5w56$Ifgdl $Ifgdhl gd")&&&++O.P.j99999999+:-:.:A:a:b:c:f:h:j:l:y:{:~:::::::::::::::::ƿ|xrxrxrxrxrxrxrxrxrxrxrx h0Jhh"h aJh hL#m5aJh h 5aJ hd5aJh"hL#m hL#m0J h"5CJh"h"5CJ hd5CJh"h"aJhEh$CJaJhEh$H*aJhEh$6aJhEh\8aJhEh$aJ,6666B7C788M9N9i9j999999gd"AkdR$$Ifl#$ t644 laytE & F$IfgdEl $Ifgdl 9.:b:c:TWWXXXMYNYZY\Y]Y_Y`YTkd$$Ifl0#   t644 laytE$Ifgd"l gd"::::::::::::::::;;;;!;";$;&;(;*;+;-;4;6;8;:;;;=;K;L;M;O;R;T;s;t;u;w;y;{;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;<<<<< <<<<<<< <"<#<&<*<-<F<H<]<_<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<h h0Ja<<<<<<<<<<<<<= =====-=/=3=7=:===A=C=[=]=a=c=d=e=i=k=p=q=v=w=x=z=========================TTWXX X XXXXXh"h#aJ h#0J h"5CJ h 5CJh"h"5CJhEh aJU h0JhK multis aliis$Aubrey, Earl of Oxford, sends greetings to all his men both present and in the future, whether French or English. Know you all, that I have given and conceded and by this my charter have confirmed to God and St Mary and St John the Evangelist, and my monks of Colun [Colne], in pure and perpetual alms, three shillings worth of land in Stoches [Stoke], out of the marriage portion of my Countess, which Godingus held, for the salvation of myself and my Countess Agnes and all my ancestors and my children, for the providing of two candles to be lit daily on the altar where the mass of St Mary is celebrated. And to make this my gift and concession strong, we have corroborated this charter with the annotation of witnesses and the fixing of our seal. Witnesses to this: Aubrey my son, and Robert his brother, and Nicholas my chaplain, and William the clerk of Colun, and Michael the clerk, and Robert son of Baldwin, and Robert de Campos, and Roger son of Robert, and William son of Fulk, and many others.Documents 4 and 5 WLC/LM/1, f.1r:First page of a prayer book (second half of the 15th century, Latin). 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